PH1S81 - Fundamental Chemistry for the Forensic Sciences 01 Apr 2025 - 31 Aug 2027 | Version 4

Associated Module Information

Module Code: PH1S81
Module Title: Fundamental Chemistry for the Forensic Sciences
Faculty: Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science
Faculty Group: Chemical and Environmental Sciences
Faculty Sub Group: Chemical and Environmental Sciences
Module Leader: Suzanna Kean
Module Team: Andrew Graham, Rehana Karim, Mia Lambert, Hannah Minton
First Intended Intake: MAR 2018 Final Year of Intake:
Date Closed:
Credit Value: 20 Credit Level: 4
Language: English
Percentage of Module Taught in Welsh: 0
Equivalent Module:
HECOS codes: 100417 - chemistry
HECOS Code Weighting: 100

Document Version Information

Version 4
Valid From 01 Apr 2025
Valid To 31 Aug 2027

Module Aims

To introduce students to fundamental concepts in organic, biological, and analytical chemistry that support the forensic sciences

Allow students to develop laboratory skills that will support the development of further analytical skills in the forensic sciences.

Content Summary

This module is designed to develop and support the students application of fundamental concepts in the areas of organic, biological and analytical chemistry that underpin topics in the forensic sciences. Students will study the following:

Bonding within organic molecules: valency, hybridization, bonding orbital theory (sigma/pi bonds)

Functional group recognition, concept of homologous series, nomenclature of organic compounds, drawing/representing organic compounds: molecular formula, condensed formula, full displayed structural formula, line diagrams.

Structural isomers: positional, functional group and chain isomers

Stereoisomers: geometric and optical isomers (assigning/naming both E/Z and cis/trans for geometric isomers and R/S for optical isomers up to two chiral centres), their properties, how to draw, concept of diastereomers and meso compounds.

Conformers of alkanes: importance in some reactions, Newman projects of different conformers, concept of steric hinderance.

Intermolecular forces: types and how they govern the physical properties of organic compounds

Fundamental reactions in organic chemistry: bond polarity, bond breakage/formation (homolysis, heterolysis), type of reagents (electrophiles/nucleophiles/radical), types of reactions (addition/elimination/substitution/rearrangement)

Fundamental mechanisms in organic chemistry: non-polar (radical addition/substitution, chain reactions, the stability of radical species), polar (electrophilic addition reactions: importance of stability of carbocations in determining product, Markovnikov’s rule; SN1/SN2: factors affecting, e.g., solvent nucleophile, leaving group,

steric factors; E1/E2: factors that govern choice of).

Carbohydrates: their structure and nomenclature, their stereochemistry, 2D representations of carbohydrates (Fisher Projections), hemiacetal formation, mutarotation and the anomeric effect, reactions of monosaccharides: oxidation and reduction of the carbonyl group etc.

Amino acids: their structure and chirality, properties and synthesis, the peptide bond and proteins (composition and biological role).

Fundamental Organic Analysis: elemental analysis, determination of double bond equivalency, UV-Vis spectroscopy (basic principles and interpretation of spectra), IR analysis (basic principles and interpretation of spectra primarily to identify characteristic functional groups), 1H and 13C NMR (basic principles and interpretation of spectra (number of signals/chemical shift/integration/splitting patterns) to elucidate full structures), mass spectrometry (basic principles and interpretation of spectra primarily for mass determination and fragment identification, introduction to concept of rearrangements of fragments). Multispectral analysis.

Fundamental laboratory skills: soxhlet extraction, liquid/liquid extraction, thin layer chromatography, recrystalisation, melting points, relevant data analysis and calculations. Use of MSDS sheets to assess hazards.

Learning and Teaching Methods

Activity Type Hours
Lecture 18
Tutorial 18
Practical classes and workshops 10
Independent Study 78
Directed Study 56
Formative Assessment - Scheduled 2
Formative Assessment - Independent 18
Total Hours Selected 200

Learning Outcomes

# Learning Outcome
LO1 Acquire and apply the basic concepts that underpin organic and biological chemistry including structures, shapes, physical interactions, and reaction mechanisms
LO2 Evaluate spectroscopic/analytical data to elucidate the structure of unknown compounds and solve problems in organic chemistry.
LO3 Work safely and efficiently in the laboratory and exhibit and apply knowledge of laboratory procedures.

Module Requisites

Code Title Requisite Type
MOD001535 FOUNDATION CHEMISTRY pre-requisite
MOD001536 PHYSICAL SCIENCE pre-requisite
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Assessment Criteria

Assessment Category Assessment Type Description Duration Word Count Weight (%) Best of? Pass Mark
Synchronous Onsite Practical Assessment Practical Coursework (Onsite) 1 Written proforma describing laboratory experiments/workshops 0 N/A 35 No 40
Asynchronous Assessment Portfolio 1 Written assignments (three) taken at key points in the year to allow students to reflect and develop on their progress to date 0 2600 65 No 40

Assessment Matrix

Assessment Type Learning Outcomes
LO1 LO2 LO3
Practical Coursework (Onsite) 1
Portfolio 1

Reading List

Burrows, J Holman, A Parsons, G Pilling, G Price, Chemistry3, Oxford University Press, 2013.

P Atkins and J de Paula, Elements of Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, 2012.

M.Weller, T. Overton, J. Rourke, F. Armstrong, Inorganic Chemistry, 2014, 6th Ed., Oxford University Press

R. Lewis, W. Evans, Chemistry, 2011, 4th Ed., Palgrave Foundations