5B089E - Science for Investigators 01 Sep 2027 - 31 Aug 2033 | Version 0

Associated Module Information

Module Code: 5B089E
Module Title: Science for Investigators
Faculty: Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science
Faculty Group: Applied Science
Faculty Sub Group: Forensic Science
Module Leader: Paul Jones
Module Team: Suzanna Kean, Rebecca Lakin, Ella Mason-Buck, Hannah Seale, Peter Miedziak, James McCormack
First Intended Intake: SEP 2027 Final Year of Intake: 2032
Date Closed:
Credit Value: 30 Credit Level: 5
Language: English
Percentage of Module Taught in Welsh: 0
Equivalent Module:
HECOS codes:
HECOS Code Weighting:

Document Version Information

Version 0
Valid From 01 Sep 2027
Valid To 31 Aug 2033

Module Aims

  • To develop your ability to apply laboratory and investigative techniques to a broad range of forensic evidence types, critically evaluating their scientific basis, reliability, and limitations within investigative and legal contexts. 

  • To cultivate evaluative reasoning skills that enable you to assess evidential weight, recognise and mitigate cognitive bias, and draw scientifically defensible conclusions from complex, multi-disciplinary evidence. 

  • To enable you to communicate forensic findings clearly and professionally — in both written and oral formats — to specialist and non-specialist audiences, in accordance with legal reporting standards and professional codes of practice 

Content Summary

This module develops your ability to critically analyse, interpret, and communicate diverse types of forensic evidence within investigative and legal contexts. Building on foundational Level 4 laboratory skills, you will examine a broad range of evidence types — including biological, trace, chemical, digital, and physical marks — and explore the scientific principles that underpin their analysis and interpretation. 

The module emphasises evaluative reasoning alongside technical knowledge. You will consider the reliability and limitations of forensic techniques, the impact of cognitive bias on evidence interpretation, and the importance of statistical reasoning in assessing the evidential weight of evidence. Through a combination of practical laboratory sessions, case-based workshops, and directed study, you will develop the scientific literacy and analytical skills required to engage critically with complex forensic evidence. 

The module directly contributes to the course by bridging laboratory competence with professional forensic practice. You will leave prepared to interpret multi-disciplinary evidence streams, communicate findings clearly to specialist and non-specialist audiences, and engage responsibly with the ethical and legal standards that govern forensic science. 

Learning and Teaching Methods

Activity Type Hours
Scheduled Learning and Teaching (Workshops, Practical's and Seminars) 56
Guided Learning - Independent (Directed Reading, VLE Tasks) 10.5
Summative Assessment and Preparation 60
Formative Assessment 12
Independent Learning (Wider Reading, Research, Reflection, Consolidation) 161.5
Total Hours Selected 300

Learning Outcomes

# Learning Outcome
LO1 Apply appropriate laboratory and investigative techniques to examine and interpret diverse biological, physical, chemical, and digital evidence types, evaluating their scientific basis and limitations within forensic casework.
LO2 Critically evaluate the reliability, validity, and evidential weight of forensic findings, applying statistical and logical reasoning to construct and communicate scientifically defensible conclusions within investigative and legal contexts.

Module Requisites

N/A

Assessment Criteria

Assessment Category Assessment Type Description Duration Word Count Weight (%) Best of? Pass Mark
Asynchronous Assessment Student Choice Individual, Online 15 N/A 50 40
Asynchronous Assessment Report Individual, Online 0 2000 50 No 40

Assessment Matrix

Assessment Type Learning Outcomes
LO1 LO2
Student Choice ✔ ✔
Report ✔ ✔

Reading List

Week 1: Forensic Reasoning & the Scientific Method 

  • Essential Reading: 

  • Jackson, A.R.W. and Jackson, J.M. (2017) Forensic Science. 4th edn. Harlow: Pearson. (Chapters 1 & 2: The forensic process and investigative reasoning). 

  • Kahneman, D. (2012) Thinking, Fast and Slow. London: Penguin Books. (Sections on cognitive bias and confirmation traps). 

  • Supplementary Reading: 

  • Dror, I.E. (2020) ‘Cognitive and human factors in expert decision making: Six fallacies and the truth about risk and resilience’, Forensic Science International, 313, p. 110322. 

Week 2: Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 

  • Essential Reading: 

  • Bevel, T. and Gardner, R.M. (2019) Bloodstain Pattern Analysis with an Introduction to Crime Scene Reconstruction. 4th edn. Boca Raton: CRC Press. (Chapters 3, 4, & 7: Fluid dynamics and impact angles). 

  • Supplementary Reading: 

  • Attinger, D. et al. (2013) ‘Fluid dynamics topics in bloodstain pattern analysis: Comparative review and vacancy gaps’, Forensic Science International, 231(1-3), pp. 375–396. 

Week 3: Forensic Analysis of Human Remains 

  • Essential Reading: 

  • White, T.D. and Folkens, P.A. (2005) The Human Bone Manual. Amsterdam: Academic Press. (Chapter 4: Anatomical terminology and human vs non-human osteology). 

  • Supplementary Reading: 

  • Tridico, S.R. et al. (2014) ‘Interpretation of microscopic and mitochondrial DNA analysis of human, non-human animal, and synthetic hair’, Forensic Science International: Genetics, 11, pp. 24–30. 

Week 4: Physical Marks Examination 

  • Essential Reading: 

  • Hilderbrand, D.S. (2013) Footwear, The Missed Evidence. 3rd edn. Temecula: Staggs Publishing. 

  • Heard, B.J. (2013) Handbook of Firearms and Ballistics: Examining and Interpreting Forensic Evidence. 2nd edn. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. 

  • Supplementary Reading: 

  • Association of Firearm and Tool Mark Examiners (AFTE) Journal – Selected validation studies on class characteristic reproducibility. 

Week 5: Fingerprinting 

  • Essential Reading: 

  •  

  • Home Office (2023) Fingermark Visualisation Manual. 2nd edn. London: Centre for Applied Science and Technology. (The definitive operational standard for chemical and powder deployment). 

  • Supplementary Reading: 

  • European Fingerprint Working Group (EFPWG) (2020) Best Practice Manual for Fingerprint Examination. ENFSI. (Section on the execution of the ACE-V methodology). 

Week 6: DNA Evidence & Interpretation 

  • Essential Reading: 

  • Butler, J.M. (2015) Advanced Topics in Forensic DNA Typing: Interpretation. San Diego: Academic Press. (Chapters 2 & 6: STR profiling, mixed profiles, and secondary transfer / TPPR). 

  • Supplementary Reading: 

  • Gill, P. (2014) Misleading DNA Evidence: Reasons for Miscarriages of Justice. London: Academic Press. 

Week 7: Glass and Paint 

  • Essential Reading: 

  • Roux, C. and Robertson, J. (2019) Forensic Examination of Glass and Paint: Analysis and Interpretation. London: Taylor & Francis. 

  • Supplementary Reading: 

  • Curran, J.M., Hicks, T.N. and Buckleton, J.S. (2000) Forensic Interpretation of Glass Evidence. Boca Raton: CRC Press. (Focus on GRIM instrumentation). 

Week 8: Drugs of Abuse 

  • Essential Reading: 

  • Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. London: The Stationery Office. (The primary UK statutory text). 

  • King, L.A. (2014) Forensic Chemistry of Substance Control. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry. 

  • Supplementary Reading: 

  • Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) – Latest annual updates on emerging synthetic cannabinoids and analogues. 

Week 9: Forensic Chemistry 

  • Essential Reading: 

  • Yinon, J. and Zitrin, S. (2019) Modern Methods and Applications in Analysis of Explosives. Chichester: Wiley. 

  • Supplementary Reading: 

  • Beveridge, A. (2012) Forensic Investigation of Explosions. 2nd edn. Boca Raton: CRC Press. (Chapters on environmental post-blast sampling arrays). 

Week 10: Forensic Awareness (Likelihood Ratios & Databases) 

  • Essential Reading: 

  • Lucy, D. (2013) Introduction to Statistics for Forensic Scientists. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. (Chapters on Bayesian inference and Likelihood Ratios). 

  • Supplementary Reading: 

  • Buckleton, J.S., Bright, J.A. and Taylor, D. (2016) Forensic DNA Evidence Interpretation. 2nd edn. Boca Raton: CRC Press. (Focus on national database intelligence contexts). 

Week 11: Digital Forensics 

  • Essential Reading: 

  • Casey, E. (2011) Digital Evidence and Computer Crime: Forensic Science, Computers, and the Internet. 3rd edn. Amsterdam: Academic Press. 

  • Supplementary Reading: 

  • ISO/IEC 27037:2012 Information technology — Security techniques — Guidelines for identification, collection, acquisition, and preservation of digital evidence. 

Week 12: Evaluating & Communicating Forensic Evidence 

  • Essential Reading: 

  • Aitken, C., Roberts, P. and Jackson, G. (2010) Fundamentals of Probability and Statistical Evidence in Criminal Proceedings. London: Royal Statistical Society. (Exposing the Prosecutor's and Defence Fallacies). 

  • Forensic Science Regulator (2023) Code of Practice. Birmingham: Home Office. (Sections detailing Streamlined Forensic Reporting [SFR] and legal expert reporting requirements).